Towards a European Society? Convergence and Divergence in 20th Century Europe. Synthesis of the Summer School 4 July – 10 July 2010, organized by the GHI Paris (C. Wenkel), the International Network of Young Scholars on the History of the European Integration (Réseau international des jeunes chercheurs en histoire de l’intégration européenne, RICHIE) and the University of Paris-Sorbonne.